Study Materials for English Literature
 
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  • The Parson : Parson or the Parish Priest is depicted as a noble character maintaining the highest discipline of the church. He stand parallel to the Knight and Clerk of Oxenford in superb qualities. The Parson is presented as ‘poor’ in worldly affairs but ‘rich’ in holy thought and religious acts. He preached the gospel of the church in true Christian spirit. The cardinal virtue of the Parson is ‘first he wroughte and then he taughte’. He lived in his own parish and looked after his parishioners but he did not visit the neighbouring churches with the object of making extra money. The Parson did not excommunicate any member of the parish on default of tithes due to him. On the other hand, he helped the poor men with money, whenever they needed. He is re-incarnated in literature by Oliver Goldsmith in his novel Vicar of Wakefield in the name of Dr. Primrose.

     

     

  • The Plowman : The Plowman is the Parson’s brother and he represents the virtue of his occupation. He remains devoted to God during the times of prosperity and adversity. He used to help poor men in the name of Christ.

     

     

  • The Miller : The Miller is represented as a stout man with great physical strength. He could open a door by simply strutting his head against it. On top of his nose, the Miller had a wart on which a tuft of red hair grew. He was a loose-talker and a cheat. He used to steal corn flouer from his customers, and at the same time realised three times the milling charges of the corn. Yet, the Miller ‘has a thumb of gold’, as Chaucer’s proverbial description qualifies.

     

     

  • The Manciple : (Steward) The Manciple was an expert in buying provisions either against cash payment or on credit. He had served under sixty masters and had the brain and capacity to outwit them all. His duties include accounting for the food stuff in the kitchen, maintaining the accounts and supervising the kitchen and the cook. In the Canterbury Tales, a quarrel breaks out between the Cook and the Manciple, for obvious reasons.

     

     

  • The Reeve : Reeve is attached to a manor to supervise the produce and keep the accounts. He amassed much wealth by misappropriating the funds of his lord. Because he was very shrewd and cunning, the employee were very much afraid of him. He was hot tempered but knew how to dance to the tunes of his lord. The Reeve and Miller knew each other before they set in for the pilgrimage and there was a violent quarrel between them, as described later in the Canterbury Tales.
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